Scientists research secrets and stages in the evolution of a single cell into a complete human with 37 trillion cells

Every human’s journey to existence begins from a cell. What is the secret of this super cell? How can they form 37 trillion complex cells each with a specific function? It was and remains one of the secrets that the human body has not revealed to scientists until now.

At the origin of the human being, there was a fertilized egg. This egg divides into two cells, then into 4 and 8, and continues the journey of division and transformation leading to the formation of the embryo from the skeleton, tissues, glands and dozens of organs and organs that each have a specific role. Read also According to bacteria, the first cell with a genome produced in the laboratory that divides naturally is obtained A Syrian researcher participates in the discovery of the secrets of the self-construction of living cells How do killer parasites slip into human cells? Holography quantum … a scientific leap that could allow the construction of very precise images of our cells

Although this process occurs with every human embryo, it is still known how the fertilized egg divides into dozens of tissues, so in an adult human we have about 37 trillion cells each with a specialized role, one unknowns to science to study the human body and its vital functions which still mystify scientists and arouse their very curiosity.

Reverse simulation

In an effort to understand the division, evolution and metamorphosis of human cells, researchers at Yale University and the Mayo Clinic have devised a simulation method to track the processes of cell division, development and mutations back, to the early stages of fetal cell division. Give us this amazing variety of cells and tissues. The researchers published the study results in the journal Science.

In this simulation, the researchers used skin cells from two adults to reverse their sequence of cell development by identifying tiny mutations or mutations that occurred in the genomes of these cells down to the first cell.

These non-hereditary mutations occur with every cell division during the stages of human formation. The percentage of cells that still carry traces or remnants of the mutations that have occurred declines due to these divisions continuing, but leaves scientists with a thread or path to trace these mutations back to the first cells.

The higher the percentage of cells that support the effects of a mutation, the more researchers indicate that the mutation occurred at an early stage in the cell’s developmental sequence, close to its common origin or parent cell during the stages of development of the embryo.

Early stage metamorphosis

Researchers learned from the study that some of the mutations in skin cells occurred early in the developing fetus, as these mutations were also detected in blood, saliva, and urine samples taken from cells. adults.

In the human body, cells of each type of these specialized tissues originate from a different embryonic layer, or from the first types of differentiated cells in the embryo that give rise to the tissues of the nervous system, the intestine, the blood and binding tissues.

The results of the study revealed that the mutations that arose in the embryo were inherited or preserved by each subsequent cell throughout the body’s developmental stages into adulthood, which allowed the researchers to reconfigure the lineages or pathways for the mutation sequence or cell development of these individuals. .

Not only that, but the results of reverse cell development tracking open the door for scientists to monitor disruptions in cell development until they begin in common cells.

Neuropsyc hiatric disorders such as schizophrenia and autism result from a primary defect in cell functions, which disrupts the primary processes that regulate cell development, and this can lead to a change in the growth and expansion of the cell. developmental sequence in certain cells or when they separate to form new cell lines during the development process. Publicity

Promising technology

Among the fascinating findings of researchers in terms of monitoring cell development, there is that the pathways that follow mutations in cells that meet during first division are not the same. One of the first two cells resulting from the division of the first cell in the embryo was responsible for 90% of the cell types in the adult body, while the other cell was only responsible for the production of placental cells that nourish the new fetus.

Although scientists say the technology available to track individual differences in the pathways of cellular mutations at each stage of their development is still limited but promising, although the samples taken do not require surgery, it has opened a wide window. on staff. history of the evolution of cells in the human body.