Arabic is the language of the Qur’an .. The miracle of the Arabs and the paradise of the statement

What is more worthy of this tongue, which is the lover of the soul and the lover of temperament, and Samir the conscience of the plural, and has stood on the fold of the farewell, and they are tribal with the take off, to embrace the enclosure like loved ones upon the farewell, and be honored by the transmission of steps in the aftermath of the state of the funeral.

With this wonderful literary icon, the linguist Majd al-Din al-Fayrouzabadi wrote the features of the relationship between the language of the Qur’an and its people.

The tongue of the Arabs .. or the language of parsing?

To whom is the language of the dialect attributed, is it to the nationalism of the Arabs, as many historians and linguists see in it the tongue of the Arabs, and on that name Ibn Manzur wrote his linguistic dictionary, which was able to collect tens of thousands of Arabic expressions, or to parsing, which is articulation, eloquence, clarity and clarity, as he goes. to some linguists contemporaries who believe in the verse} and before him the book of Moses as an imam and the mercy of this book certified to SANA Arab to warn those who do wrong and glad tidings of benefactors {(Surah Ahqaf, verse 12), ie, logic and language of clear evidence detailed.

Regardless of these historical considerations of the origin of the Arabic language, there is no doubt that it is one of the fastest-spreading languages ​​in the world, the most viable, and the most capable of development and entrenchment.

Among the world’s languages, classical Arabic is distinguished as the tongue of the last divine book, the most sacred of its speakers, and the richest lexicon, with its preserved words exceeding 12 million words at the very least.

Although it is one of the most recent languages ​​of the world in its emergence, as it is more than two thousand years old by a few hundred, it has become the tongue of more than four hundred million of the world’s population, and most of the speakers of it are the inhabitants of what is known in the Arab world and their neighbors of the Turks, Iranians and Africans.

The Arabic language falls within the group of Semitic languages, and is very similar to other languages ​​such as Persian, Hebrew, Azeri and others, and many vocabulary of the Arabic language, especially with regard to religious linguistic fields, has entered the languages ​​and dialects of many peoples from East Asia, West Africa, Andalusia and Turkey due to the influence of the language. Arabic, and entering the words of the Noble Qur’an in the dictionaries of creativity and diaries of the lives of Muslim peoples that do not speak the language of opposition in origin.

And Arabic is the official language in all countries of the Arab world, and it is also a popular language with an official or semi-official character in many countries, especially in West and East Africa and Asia.

The letters of the Arabic language are 28 letters, including the dād, which is the characteristic icon for the Arabic language in its phonemic level from the rest of the world’s languages, and unlike most of the world’s languages, they are written from right to north and not vice versa.

From tongues to the stability of the Quranic tongue

The Arabic language began with close tongues in many pronunciations and meanings, differing in the peculiarities of multiple dialects, and influenced by the non-Arab neighborhood in Yemen, the Levant and Mesopotamia. Al-Shami, until he quoted Abu Amr ibn Al-Alaa as saying, “Donkeys do not speak with our tongue nor their language ours.”

The regions of the Arabian Peninsula were the region of the purity of the Arabic language, and the Qur’an tongue, with which the Qur’an was revealed in many of its expressions and linguistic contexts, was the elite of the Arabic language on which the diction laws and classical dictionaries settled.

If the language is a living being that grows and changes by neighborhood, acculturation and geographical isolation alike, as many linguists see, then the Arabic language was the most prominent language that preserved its characteristics and the largest volume of its words.

Most of those ancient Arabic tongues and dialects have turned into the origins of contemporary Arabic dialects and have appeared in some aspects, especially in the neighboring regions, along with other languages ​​in the Levant, the Arabian Gulf, Iraq and Yemen.

The Arabic language .. The bowl of the Qur’an and the mother of science

The Arabic language flourished in the Arabian Peninsula, and the Arab Bedouin excelled in expressing his vision of things, life and feelings. Or the cruelty of alienation or the bitterness of captivity, which is his luxurious tongue as he formulates his wisdom derived from his wavy life like the sand of the desert, and flowing like the rays of its planets on the paths and troughs.

However, the Arabic language has evolved greatly and the meanings of majesty and beauty have grown after God Almighty chose it as a tongue for his dear book, the Noble Qur’an. Muslims recite verses of the Holy Bible, and promote them in the paths of worship and paths of reform.

The Muslim jurists have made mastery of the sciences and knowledge of the Arabic language, and skill in it, a prerequisite for a jurist, and a degree without which he cannot attain the rank of doctrinal or absolute Ijtihad.

Preserving the boundaries of the Arabic language and fencing its linguistic, grammatical and morphological laws was an essential part of the task of the Rightly Guided Caliphs, as it was narrated that Omar Ibn Al-Khattab, may God be pleased with him, passed by young men learning archery, and he did not like them throwing arrows. Your tongue is worse for me than your mistake in throwing you. “

Ali bin Abi Talib, may God be pleased with him, alerted the great linguist Abu Al-Aswad Al-Du’ali to the danger threatening the Arabic language, if its boundaries are not controlled and its features are preserved, and from Ali bin Abi Talib, may God be pleased with him, for Abu Al-Aswad, the science of grammar arose, and the sciences of the Arabic language continued to be investigated with Time is what the Moroccan thinker Mohamed Abed Al-Jabri described as the miracle of the Arabs, and by that he meant the sciences of the Arabic language.

And if the Arabic language is the receptacle of the Qur’an, then it has a protective wall, a lush shade, and a slender chain. Rather, it is the Qur’an as described by the contemporary Arabic statement author Muhammad Sadiq al-Rafi’i, saying, “Arabic is the language of a religion based on the eternal origin of the Holy Qur’an, and the first and the others unanimously agreed on his miracle with his eloquence, Except for the one who does not have a party with him from an ignorant heretic or an ignorant one who is embroiled in it, then the eloquence of the Qur’an must remain understood, and the understanding does not approach it except through fluency and deliberation, studying classical methods, following them, tightening the language, and seeing in its facts and art of rhetoric, and keenness to see in its facts and art of rhetoric With it, and all this makes licensing this language and its methods a form of corruption and ignorance .. The special case regarding the eloquence of this language is not in its vocabulary but in the composition of its wording

A spread between the verses of the Qur’an and the horses’ sounds

The Islamic conquests had a great and important role in spreading the Arabic language, for thousands of Arab conquerors who were dispersed in different parts of Asia and Africa spread the Arabic language, and over time, multiple nations and peoples expressed their expression.

Neither Islam nor its Arabic language was an enemy of the languages, values, and ancient heritage of societies. Many nations and peoples preserved their original languages ​​and dialects, in addition to the Arabic language, which was the language of the elite and distinction among many Muslim peoples. Rather, these languages ​​became Muslim on the day their people embraced Islam. They had multiple Islamic knowledge, and many words, meanings, and values ​​of the Arabic language were endemic to them, in addition to writing them in the Arabic letter, which ensured for many of their documents immortality and survival.

Indeed, the Europeans found themselves in some periods forced to return to the Arabic language to translate their prayers so that Christians could understand them. Speaking in the Arabic language in the Crusader kingdoms became a model for human and civilized progress, as the author of the book on the history of Semitic languages, Erenst Renan, tells us: “Who The strangest thing that happened in the history of mankind and the difficulty of solving its secret: the spread of the Arabic language, this language was unknown at the beginning, and suddenly it began in the most perfection, a chain that is smooth, rich, meaning rich, complete, so that since this day there has not been any significant amendment to it. She has neither childhood nor old age. At the beginning of her case, she appeared completely and completely, and it was not more than fifty years after the conquest of Andalusia that the church men had to translate their prayers into Arabic for the Christians to understand.Among the strangest astonishment is that the national language sprouted and reached the level of perfection in the deserts of a nation of the nomads, that language that surpassed its sisters in abundance of its vocabulary, the accuracy of its meanings and the goodness of its building system, and this language was unknown to the nations, and from the day it was announced it appeared to us in the solutions of perfection. Learn about it except its incompatible conquests and victories, and we do not know anything about this language that appeared to researchers completely without gradation and remained a portfolio of its being pure from every defect. “

In multiple Islamic countries, such as Senegal, for example, a jurist who does not include Arabic words and formulas and poetic verses while speaking in his native language is not considered a jurist, and most often he will not find anyone to listen to, for example, the measure of cultural distinction among African Muslim societies, for example, is memorizing the Qur’an and knowledge of Islamic law. Proficiency as possible in the Arabic language.

The phenomenon of Arabization that many Arab and Asian countries have experienced, and which has increased in Europe, can be considered an essential part of the embrace of the language of the Qur’an in non-Arab Islamic societies.

Today, these countries are experiencing a strong struggle to demarcate and value the Arabic language, despite the strong influence they face in the English and French languages, and despite the fierce colonial aggression that this language faced, aiming to eliminate it permanently, by killing its scholars, as happened in the Kebkab massacre, which was carried out by the French colonialism. The right of nearly 400 scholars of Islamic law and the Arabic language in the country of Chad, or the burning of hundreds of libraries and private schools in the Negro regions of Mauritania, Mali, Senegal and many African countries during the colonial era.

In addition to this, the occupier, especially the hateful French, whose cultural dimension was a main pillar in his colonial mission, revived the clash between the Arabic language and the old local languages, as is the case in some Maghreb and African countries that some of their local languages ​​wrote in the Arabic letter, before they turned into The Latin letter that did not give it distinction nor made it the language of education or administration in its countries

Arabic Language Sciences .. Network of System and Creativity

Multiple sciences are integrated in the Arabic language, the levels of which overlap and mutually support from the sciences of language to philology, and among students of Arabic language there are many fields that must be mastered in order for a person to be linguistically proficient, including:

The lexical level: which means the authenticity of Arabic words, and Arab and Muslim scholars took care of it and wrote in it many huge books and timeless dictionaries, including, for example, the dictionary of Al-Ain by Khalil bin Ahmed Al-Farahidi, and Lisan Al-Arab by Ibn Manzur, and the surrounding dictionary by Al-Fayrouz Abadi, which is dedicated to Ibn Sidah, and others One of the favorite books that is still the most important hafiz after the Holy Qur’an and the Hadith of the Arabic language.

Grammar and morphology: This science was established in the middle of the first Hijri century, before it was strengthened and expanded into grammatical schools, most notably the Al-Basri school that then dominated the direction and payment of grammar, and the Kufic school, and between them the Baghdad school.

Among the most prominent ancient Arab grammar scholars are Abu Amr Ibn Al-Alaa, Sibawayh, Al-Fur` Al-Kasae`, Al-Mabarid, Ibn Darstwayh, Ibn Hisham, and Muhammad Bin Malik, who was the most prominent grammarian in later ages, and his books became the most important academic subject for studying grammar, especially his book Alfiyya Ibn Malik, which is still Thousands of Muslim youths around the globe are competing to preserve it, and the people of the Maghreb in particular have given the millennium Ibn Malik special attention to preservation, explanation and development, and more as did the Mauritanian scholar Al-Mukhtar Ibn Bunah Al-Jakni, who increased this millennium with three thousand other houses he called “redness” because it was She is written on papers and boards in red ink, to distinguish her from Alfiyeh Ibn Malik, who used to write in black script called “al-Akhalal” by the Mauritanians.

Rhetoric sciences and linguistic jurisprudence: Arabs were interested in this field of linguistics, and innovated in it and set up a linguistic douche with lush shades of the sciences of statement, meanings and the bad, which was looking at the Arabic language in its integrated levels of construction, unlike the way that was looking at the relationship of words between them and the influence of some on Some.

The aesthetic content was the most prominent factor in the science of rhetoric, because it shows the secrets of the language behind the interconnected buildings and meanings, enriches the styles of expression, and develops the mental, aesthetic, analytical and imaginative faculty in literary saying, especially in poetry in particular.

The science of meanings, for example, arose as a servant of the Holy Qur’an, seeking to deconstruct the aesthetic structure and discover the wonderful systemic contents in the sacred text. In his book, Asrar al-Balaghah and the mystery of miracles, Sheikh Abdul-Qadir al-Jarjani was pioneered, and the innovation award was to revolutionize this science, set its rules and establish its pillars.

Knowledge of literature and poetry: Arabs do not leave poetry until camels leave nostalgia, and camels, Arabs and poetry have companionship that does not remain, and Arabic poetry remains an eternal miracle, in which the Arabs throughout history have preserved the narration and know-how, and they made memorizing it a basic means of inference for the Holy Qur’an and its interpretation, raising its banner and protesting it .

With time, Arabic poetry became the title of fatwa and culture, and it became a basic pillar of Arab identity and culture, and the Arabic tongue became the richest and most immortal subject after the Noble Qur’an.

In addition to its own sciences, the Arabic language was the tongue of Islamic jurisprudence, the language of history, medicine, astronomy, and all the experimental sciences written by Muslims. The Arabic language also enriched the knowledge content of Muslims through the translation movement that lasted for centuries and is still continuous, and was able to transmit the Arab mind from consumption Foreign culture to be apprehended, developed and surpassed.

Great Muslim scholars such as Jabir bin Hayyan, Ibn al-Haytham, Ibn al-Bitar, Ibn Sina, Ibn al-Nafis, Ahmad bin Majid, al-Idrisi, al-Khwarizmi, al-Biruni, al-Sufi, and others have left foundational books and literature in mathematics, astronomy, medicine, nursing, agriculture, geography and marine sciences.t

Paradise of the statement .. the crisis of education and the problem of dialects

The Arabic language lives today an unpleasant reality for its children, who have been fighting for decades in order for the Arabic language to attain its lofty position, after the blows of internal ignorance rolled upon it.

Among the most prominent crises facing the Arabic language today:

The control of the vernaculars: where there is no dispute that these various colloquialisms have historical origins, and that they are arms and bays of the great Al-Fusha River, but with time they turned into gates of separation used by opponents of the Arabic language, especially the colonialists, to tear apart the required Arab linguistic unity, and deepen the wounds of local and country.

The focus on colloquialism was an essential part of the cultural project of colonialism, as the middle of the nineteenth century witnessed multiple calls, especially in Egypt and under the auspices of British colonialism, to abandon classical and move to the Egyptian colloquial, and at the same time that these calls followed, other calls were from the same The source works to promote and protect the ancient Coptic language, and “Lord Dufrin” took over the call to replace classical Arabic, and considered that the Arabic language is a major obstacle to the invention power of Egyptians, calling for an immediate transition from classical to colloquial.

Over time, the tongue of Egyptian culture, media and art turned into Egyptian colloquial, and Egyptian film production dyed the Arab world, establishing a period of control of the Egyptian dialect over the tastes of Arab youth, before the Syrian drama, which also dyed parts of the Arab world, joined it.

In the same context, each region competed in presenting its heritage, art and cinematic creativity through local dialects, which broke the Arab statement and re-teared the originally torn Arab world.

It is a funny and strange irony that the dubbed Mexican soap operas, despite their shipment, which was widely contested, their language was an eloquent breakthrough in the closed skies of the colloquial.

Education and translation crisis: Although Arabic is the primary language of instruction in many countries, foreign languages, especially English and French, compete with them strongly, and even annoy them, especially in technical fields and sub-specialties, although all educational values ​​confirm that studying the student in his mother tongue represents the broadest gateway for him To understand and excel.

Education levels in the Arab world compared with the Asian tigers, China, India and Turkey, which taught in their native languages, show that the return to the Arabic language is the basis for advancement.

On its multiple feasts, the Arabic language raises the complaint to its children, and it is repeated by the Nile poet Hafez Ibrahim:

The book of God expanded with a memorization and purpose ***, and it was narrowed down from a verse by it and sermons

How can I get narrower today from describing the *** machine and coordinating the names of women inventors?

I am the sea in its guts, the Durr is lurking *** So did they ask the diver about my shells?